Influence of Dithiocarbamates used for Phytosanitary Treatments on the Microelement Contents from Vineyard Soil in Tohani Region of Romania

摘要

The influence of dithiocarbamates used for phytosanitary treatments of vineyard on the microelements contents from soil was studied in this work. It is well known that zinc and manganese levels in vineyard soils are increased by long-term application of fungicides. Dithiocarbamates, especially Mancozeb, are widely used to protect vegetal species against fungal diseases. The aim of this study was to establish if the levels of mobile forms of zinc and manganese increased hazardously after Mancozeb treatments at Tohani vineyard, from Prahova County, Romania. Having in view this purpose, it was analyzed soil samples from vineyard experimental plots that were treated exclusively with dithiocarbamates (Mancozeb) during year 2010. Experimental plots contain different varieties of vineyard: Feteasca Regala 1, FeteascaRegala2, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling Italian, Busuioaca de Bohotin and Feteasca Neagra. In this study was investigated the effects of Mancozeb on the metals mobility from soil samples. The analyses performed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) indicated that contents of mobile zinc and manganese increased after Mancozeb treatments, but the danger regarding the usage of this dithiocarbamate fungicide could be rather connected with its degradation products, than with metal contents. Treatments with fungicides containing Mancozeb, used in the spray program during growing season, usually provide Mn and Zn in tolerable doses and toxicity can result if the soil content in these elements is high, the soil reaction is acidic and if it rains after these treatments.