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Developing haptic and visual perceptual categories for reaching and grasping with a humanoid robot

机译:开发触觉和视觉感官类别,以达到与人形机器人接触和抓握的目的

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Properties of the human embodiment -- sensorimotor apparatus and neurological structure - participate directly in the growth and development of cognitive processes against enormous worst case complexity. It is our position that relationships between morphology and perception over time lead to increasingly comprehensive models that describe the agent's relationship to the world. We are applying insight derived from neuroscience, neurology, and developmental psychology to the design of advanced robot architectures. To investigate developmental processes, we have begun to approximate the human sensorimotor configuration and to engage sensory and motor subsystems in developmental sequences. Many such sequences have been documented in studies of infant development, so we intend to bootstrap cognitive structures in robots by emulating some of these growth processes that bear an essential resemblance to the human morphology. In this paper, we will show two related examples in which a humanoid robot determines the models and representations that govern its behavior. The first is a model that captures the dynamics of a haptic exploration of an object with a dextrous robot hand that supports skillful grasping. The second example constructs constellations of visual features to predict relative hand/object postures that lead reliably to haptic utility. The result is a first step in a trajectory toward associative visual-haptic categories that bounds the incremental complexity of each stage of development.
机译:人类实施方式的特性-感觉运动装置和神经结构-直接参与认知过程的发展和发展,从而避免了最坏的情况下的复杂性。我们的立场是,随着时间的流逝,形态和感知之间的关系会导致描述代理与世界之间关系的模型越来越全面。我们将源自神经科学,神经病学和发展心理学的见识应用于高级机器人体系结构的设计。为了研究发育过程,我们已经开始近似人类的感觉运动构型,并使感觉和运动子系统参与发育过程。在婴儿发育研究中已经记录了许多这样的序列,因此,我们打算通过模拟其中某些与人类形态基本相似的生长过程,来引导机器人中的认知结构。在本文中,我们将显示两个相关的示例,其中人形机器人确定了控制其行为的模型和表示。首先是一个模型,该模型使用支持熟练抓握的灵巧机器人手捕获对物体进行触觉探索的动力学。第二个示例构造了视觉特征星座,以预测可靠地导致触觉效用的相对手/物体姿势。结果是迈向关联视觉触觉类别的轨迹的第一步,该类别限制了每个开发阶段的增量复杂性。

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