Fungi, notably Aspergillus and Candida species, are responsible for two-thirds of all superinfections that occur after a bone marrow transplantation.1 Fungal infections have evolved to be serious threats to the survival of immunocompromised patients. Fungi are very seldom responsible for infections in individuals with an intact immune system.Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that have a cell membrane with ergosterol as the main component, as well as a cell wall that contains chitin, mannoproteins and (3-glucan. Both ergosterol in the cell membrane and (3-glucan in the cell wall are potential targets for the major antifungal drugs. Of the infinitive number of fungi on this world, there are only a few that can cause disease in humans, and they are roughly subdivided into yeasts and molds. Candida species are part of the commensal flora of the skin and mucosal surfaces, and they may become the prevalent pathogen under the pressures of antimicrobial agents that reduce the coexisting bacterial flora.
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