Characterisation of a Collective of Children with Early Language Delay, 'Late Talkers'

摘要

Background: By considering their general development, 2-year-old children with delayed speech development (late talkers, LT) were examined and described with respect to linguistic competence and hearing. Methods: Initially, 50 monolingual German speaking LT (age: 23-28 months) were recruited. In addition to audiological tests (impedance testing, otoacoustic emissions, reaction audiomet-ry), language development status test was performed (clinical impression during examination, expressive vocabulary: FRAKIS, receptive competence: SETK-2). Results: After exclusion of 10 children with general retarded development (3 premature infants, 2 children with suspicion of autism and 2 children with infantile brain damage) 33 LTs with normal hearing were included. The expressive vocabulary (FRAKIS) of 82% of these 33 LTs were below the normal range. 39% showed deficits in language comprehension tests (SETK-2) although parental reports mentioned language comprehension problems in only 3 LT. No correlation was found between vocabulary (FRAKIS) and language comprehension (SETK-2). Conclusion: The clinical collective in this study showed severely affected children with a high percentage of other abnormalities and speech perception problems in many cases. Despite normal hearing, vocabulary and especially speech comprehension should also be tested. LT with language comprehension problems require early developmental psychological investigation in order to prevent language and general developmental limitations. Only in this way, remedial instruction adapted to the developmental level can be initiated.