BACKGROUND: Low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness have proven to be associated with a higher risk of premature death from all causes, specifically from cardiovascular disease. However, there has been no study conducted to describe the cardiorespiratory fitness normative values in Chinese midlife and elderly. OBJECTIVES: To provide normative values of cardiorespiratory fitness expressed as maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) and its association with body composition and physical activity in Chinese midlife and elderly women in Hong Kong. METHODS: 659 Chinese women aged from 55 to 94 years were recruited from two existing cohorts: the carotid atherosclerosis in women Hong Kong cohort study and the Osteoporotic Fractures in Women (MsOS) Hong Kong cohort study. Symptom-limited maximal exercise testing on an electrically braked bicycle ergometer was performed to assess VO(2max), where the subject was connected to a calibrated metabolic cart for gas analysis. Their body composition and physical activity data were also assessed. RESULTS: The body mass index was 23.4 kg/m(2) and the mean fat mass and lean body mass were 16.6 kg and 37.3 kg, respectively. The mean VO(2max) was 20.3+/-4.1 ml/kg/min (range, 7.9-35.7 ml/kg/min). VO(2max) decreased with age, with the rate of decline 0.25 ml/kg/min/yr (7.1% per decade). In a subgroup of 475 women from the MsOS study, the decline in VO(2max) was found to depend on ageing (beta=0.31, P<0.001), body mass index (beta=-0.30, P<0.001) and levels of physical activity (beta=0.02, P<0.001). Fat mass was also independently associated with VO(2max) (beta=-0.20, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the normative values of VO(2max) in a sample of Chinese midlife and elderly women which provides a valuable reference to assess health and fitness in Chinese elderly. Results from this study also suggested that body composition and levels of physical activity were important determinants of the age-related decline in VO(2max).
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机译：背景：低水平的心肺健康已被证明与所有原因，特别是心血管疾病引起的过早死亡的风险较高有关。但是，尚未进行任何研究来描述中国中年人和老年人的心肺健康规范值。目的：提供香港中年妇女和老年妇女最大心肺摄氧量（VO（2max））及其与身体成分和体育活动的关系的心肺健康标准值。方法：从两个现有的队列中招募了659名55至94岁的中国妇女：香港队列研究中的女性颈动脉粥样硬化和香港队列研究中的女性骨质疏松性骨折。在电动自行车测功机上进行了症状受限的最大运动测试，以评估VO（2max），将受试者连接至校准的代谢推车进行气体分析。还评估了他们的身体成分和体育活动数据。结果：体重指数为23.4 kg / m（2），平均脂肪质量和瘦体重分别为16.6 kg和37.3 kg。平均VO（2max）为20.3 +/- 4.1 ml / kg / min（范围7.9-35.7 ml / kg / min）。 VO（2max）随着年龄的增长而下降，下降速度为0.25 ml / kg / min / yr（每十年7.1％）。在MsOS研究的475名女性亚组中，VO（2max）的下降取决于衰老（β= 0.31，P <0.001），体重指数（β= -0.30，P <0.001）和身体活动（β= 0.02，P <0.001）。脂肪量也与VO（2max）独立相关（β= -0.20，P <0.001）。结论：本研究描述了中国中年妇女和老年妇女样本中VO（2max）的标准值，为评估中国老年人的健康状况提供了有价值的参考。这项研究的结果还表明，身体组成和体育活动水平是与年龄相关的VO（2max）下降的重要决定因素。
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