Physico-chemical and Bacteriological studies of ground waters in varanasi district

摘要

Physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of ground water were studied at different places of Varanasi district The characteristics were studied at six different sampling stations namely, Sarnath, Shivpur, Sigra, D.L.W., Ram Nagar and Rajghat of Varanasi during three different seasons viz-rainy, winter and summer in the year 2005-06. Out of physico-chemical characteristics-odour, temperature, pH, EC.TDS, turbidity, DO, BOD, total hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, carbonate, nitrate andsulphate contents were analysed. It was observed that due to increasing pollution level, the water characteristics were found to be in deteriorating condition. Increase in BOD, hardness, alkalinity, chloride, carbonate, nitrate and sulphate content anddecrease in DO may be due to anthropogenic activities.The increase in coliform count is also related to the biotic activities encouraging the growth of microorganisms.The result of the study area clearly reflects the poor quality of the ground water. Itis observed that values of several parameters exceeded the permissible limits pointing out the necessity of proper disposal and management of wastes discharged into the water bodies and open land.