Physiological and Biochemical Features of Gluconobacter oxydans and prospects of Their Use in Biotechnology and Biosensor Systems (Review)

摘要

Gluconobacter oxydans possesses a unique organization of metabolic systems, which are characterized by reduction of major dissimilation pathways, surface localization of main oxidative enzymes responsible for partial oxidation of carbon substrates, high performance of electron-transport chains, and accumulation of partially oxidized metabolites in the medium. These features allow us to use the cells of these microorganisms in biotechnology for production of several food products and medicines. The use of G. oxydans in biosensors for estimation of concentrations of sugars, aldoses, and polyalcohols is promising. Physiological and biochemical features of these microorganisms enabling their use in biotechnology and receptor elements of biosensors are reviewed.