Pseudoaneurysms of the superficial temporal artery (STA) are rare. Only 200 to 400 cases have been reported in the literature since Thomas Bartholin's first description in 1740. They account for less than 1% of all traumatic aneurysms diagnosed. Blunt or penetrating trauma is responsible for 95% of STA pseudoaneurysms. Almost all remaining cases can be attributed to medical procedures, such as neurosurgical operations, punch grafting for hair transplantation and even following Botox injections. Less than 20 cases of spontaneous true STA aneurysms have ever been reported, which are thought to be caused by atheromatous disease or congenital defects of the arterial elastic membrane.
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