Incidence and trend of type 1 diabetes and the underlying environmental determinants

摘要

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is commonly accepted as a metabolic disorder with autoimmunity targeting insulin‐producing β cells in the pancreas, leading to a severe paucity of endogenous insulin and subsequent hyperglycemia.1 T1D was initially recognized as a chronic disease among children and young adolescents, but over time, the perspective that T1D can occur at any age has been gradually accepted.1 The incidence of childhood T1D has been growing globally since the past few decades though stagnation has also been observed in a small number of regions around the world.2-12