An Investigation of the Challenges of Applying the Concepts of Passive Defense in the Implementation of Buildings Projects by Emphasizing on Principles of Construction Management

摘要

Regardless of all obscenity which war has it was an undeniable part of human life that didn?t dedicate to a specific time or place. The principle of affection of oppressed and injustice which derived from Justice-seeking teachings of Islam and the sacred system of the Islamic Republic next to geopolitical privileged position and having the divine wealth, always push Iran in exposing the threats of supranational powers. In this case, it is very important and vital for us that improve our defense potential in both two dimensions Military and civilian. Basically, contemporary wars are a combination of the warm and cold war so that attack to the urban and lodging places was in the enemy aims. Thus, it is necessary that such of these places be qualified the suitable quality of passive defense until the volume of their vulnerability reaches minimum as possible as. Despite the increasing growth of lodging demand in recent years and implementation of mass production politics, it seems for many different reasons, the considerations of passive defense wasn?t considered in new residential complex designs. Although, passive defense has a lot of dimensions that each of them required to a separate discussion but in this study, one of the important aspect of it that unfortunately wasn?t considered very much, going to examine and discussion about it which is applying the concepts of passive defense in the implementation of buildings projects by emphasizing on principles of construction management.