Emergent behaviors of the Schr?dinger–Lohe model on cooperative-competitive networks

摘要

AbstractWe present several sufficient frameworks leading to the emergent behaviors of the coupled Schr?dinger–Lohe (S–L) model under the same one-body external potential on cooperative-competitive networks. The S–L model was first introduced as a possible phenomenological model exhibiting quantum synchronization and its emergent dynamics on all-to-all cooperative networks has been treated via two distinct approaches, Lyapunov functional approach and the finite-dimensional reduction based on pairwise correlations. In this paper, we further generalize the finite-dimensional dynamical systems approach for pairwise correlation functions on cooperative-competitive networks and provide several sufficient frameworks leading to the collective exponential synchronization. For small systems consisting of three and four quantum subsystem, we also show that the system for pairwise correlations can be reduced to the Lotka–Volterra model with cooperative and competitive interactions, in which lots of interesting dynamical patterns appear, e.g., existence of closed orbits and limit-cycles.]]>