首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biogeography >The origin of the endemic African grasshopper family Lentulidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) and its climate-induced diversification
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The origin of the endemic African grasshopper family Lentulidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) and its climate-induced diversification

机译:地方性非洲蚱蜢家族甜叶(Orthoptera:Acridoidea)的起源及其气候诱导的多样化

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Aim Forest relicts in the mountainous regions of Africa represent one of the most diverse ecosystems on our planet, but the processes that have generated this remarkable diversity are still poorly understood. We estimate divergence times for an endemic, flightless grasshopper family and reconstruct a potential scenario for their colonization of Africa to test the hypothesis that the diversity of these mountain-top endemics has been generated by multiple fragmentations and reconnections of tropical rain forests in parallel with climatic fluctuations. Location Sub-Saharan Africa. Taxon Lentulidae (Orthoptera). Methods We inferred the phylogeny of 7 genera and 28 species of the Lentulidae based on COI, 16S and Histone 3 sequences by using a Bayesian approach and we also estimated divergence dates. Based on our molecular phylogeny as well as the available information on the relationship of six additional genera and local occurrence records for 120 lentulid species across Africa, we reconstruct a potential colonization scenario for most species of this group. Results Our findings indicate that the forest-bound lentulids of East Africa represent a monophyletic group that originates from South Africa. We show that major splits in the phylogeny of the Lentulidae coincide with three known fragmentation events of the African rain forests (27, 16 and 9 Ma) and that lentulids subsequently diversified rapidly in parallel with the aridification and strong geological activity in East Africa. Main conclusions Our results corroborate the diversification patterns reported for several endemic African forest-bound animal taxa at small scales and endemic African plant taxa at larger scales, highlighting the finding that much of the biodiversity presently found in the forest relicts of the Eastern Arc Mountains biodiversity hotspot has been generated by the interplay between humid periods that allowed the spread of forest-bound lineages across Africa and periods of aridity-driven isolation of forests and their associated fauna.
机译:非洲山区的瞄准森林封面代表了我们星球上最多样化的生态系统之一,但产生了这种显着多样性的流程仍然明白。我们估计流行,不断的蚱蜢家族的分歧时间,重建潜在的情景,以测试非洲的殖民化,以测试这些山顶民族知识的多样性已经由多个碎片和热带雨林与气候的重新连接产生的多样性波动。位置撒哈拉以南非洲。分类乐霉素(orthoptera)。方法通过使用贝叶斯方法,基于COI,16S和组蛋白3序列推断出7属和28种叶片的系统发育,我们还估计了分歧日期。基于我们的分子系统,以及有关非洲120个智略物种的六种额外属性和局部发生记录的可用信息,我们为大多数物种进行了大多数本集中的潜在殖民环境。结果我们的调查结果表明,东非的森林约束歌曲代表了源自南非的单晶群。我们表明,甜叶植物的系统发育中的主要分裂与非洲雨林(27,16和9 mA)的三个已知的碎片事件重合,并且随后随后与东非的Aridification和强大的地质活动平行迅速多样化。主要结论我们的结果证实了在较大规模的小鳞片和地方非洲植物分类群的几个地方森林林毒纳报告的多样化模式,突出了目前在东方弧山生物多样性的森林封面中发现的大部分生物多样性的发现热点已经由潮湿时期之间的相互作用产生,使森林界限跨越非洲和森林和相关的动物的森林孤立的森林界限的传播。

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