Ticagrelor: A Review in Long Term Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events

摘要

Abstract Ticagrelor (Brilique ? ) is an orally administered P2Y 12 inhibitor. A long-term (maintenance) regimen of ticagrelor 60?mg twice daily is indicated in the EU for coadministration with low-dose aspirin 75–150?mg/day for the secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events in high-risk patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) of at least 1?year. Approval is based on the results of the PEGASUS-TIMI 54 trial that compared ticagrelor with placebo (in conjunction with low-dose aspirin) in stable patients who had had a spontaneous MI 1–3?years prior to enrolment and were at high risk of atherothrombotic events. At 3?years, the composite primary efficacy endpoint of cardiovascular (CV) death, MI or stroke occurred in significantly fewer ticagrelor 60?mg twice daily than placebo recipients. Long-term ticagrelor had a manageable tolerability and safety profile. The risk of TIMI major bleeding (primary safety endpoint) was significantly increased in ticagrelor 60?mg twice daily versus placebo recipients; however, the risk appeared to decline after the first year of therapy. Landmark analyses have demonstrated that patients with a history of MI remain at a persistent high risk of the composite primary endpoint up to 5?years after the event. Furthermore, these analyses demonstrated that the efficacy of ticagrelor 60?mg twice daily was maintained over time, with less excess in bleeding after the first year. Thus, long-term dual antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor 60?mg twice daily and low-dose aspirin is a valuable new option for the secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events in stable, high-risk patients with a history of MI of at least 1?year.