Multiplexed immunochemical techniques for the detection of pollutants in aquatic environments

摘要

The present article gives an overview of the situation of the aquatic ecosystem in respect to contamination by chemical pollutants and the different multiplexed techniques used to detect, identify and quantify water pollutants. A brief comparison between chromatographic and immunochemical methods is described at the beginning of this article, as an introduction of the increasing interest for multi-detection of pollutants in these environments. The information regarding multiplexed immunochemical and biosensors technologies is presented emphasizing all aspects, from the importance of the design of immunizing haptens and the production of antibodies with different specificity potentials, to the establishment of different approaches to fulfill the multiplexation needs the actual environmental monitoring requires. For each class of platforms described a brief description of the physical principle, specific features, and basic concepts is presented providing additionally specific examples. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.