Techniques of Ectopic Reservoir Placement and Their Pitfalls

摘要

Abstract Background Ectopic placement of penile prosthesis reservoirs has become more common in patients whose space of Retzius has been compromised. Aim To describe techniques and instruments used to place penile prosthesis reservoirs ectopically. Methods We present our method of placing ectopic reservoirs and review the literature for other techniques. We also catalog the instruments used for this purpose. Outcomes Similar to traditional reservoir placement, successful ectopic reservoir implantation requires good cosmetic and functional success and low complication rates. Results Ectopic reservoir placement has been shown to be effective, to safely avoid bowel, bladder, and vascular injury, and to maintain excellent function and cosmesis. Multiple tools for ectopic placement have been described, but no data exist comparing their effectiveness and complications. Examples include dissection of the space anterior to the transversalis muscle using the surgeon's finger, a pediatric Yankauer suction tip, or a Foerster lung clamp. Instruments described to grasp and advance the reservoir include a sponge stick, a Foerster lung clamp, and the ectopic reservoir insertion tool (Sontec, Centennial, CO, USA). The effect of different instruments on the integrity of reservoir has not been extensively studied. Clinical Implications Attention to technique and the instruments used to dissect the ectopic space and grasp the reservoir are crucial to successful ectopic reservoir placement. Strengths and Limitations Reports of vascular, bowel, or bladder injuries during ectopic placement are exceedingly rare, as are reports of injury to reservoirs caused by traumatic grasping. However, no methods or tools have been compared in head-to-head trials. Conclusion Ectopic placement is safe and effective, but differences between methods and instruments have not been delineated. Thirumavalavan N, Gross MS, Munarriz R. Techniques of Ectopic Reservoir Placement and Their Pitfalls. J Sex Med 2017;14:1451–1454.