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Preparation and evaluation of fouling-release properties of amphiphilic perfluoropolyether-zwitterion cross-linked polymer films

机译:两亲型全氟聚醚 - 两屈久性交联聚合物薄膜污垢释放性能的制备与评价

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The biofouling of marine structures presents a problem for maritime industries, including increasing fuel and operational costs. There has been much work developing and evaluating chemically 'ambiguous' amphiphilic coatings based upon hydrophobic fluoropolymer and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Many of these coatings have shown good fouling-release performance against diatoms, which present a fouling challenge to commercially-available state-of-the-art silicone-based fouling-release coatings. However, PEG is prone to oxidation, which limits its practical use in the marine environment, and thus an alternative hydrophilic material would be desirable in the future development of amphiphilic coatings. In this regard, zwitterionic materials are emerging as a promising class of hydrophilic antifouling material, which we hypothesized would be a suitable alternative to PEG within amphiphilic coatings. To test this hypothesis, cross-linked amphiphilic films consisting of commercially available perfluoropolyethers and the zwitterionic monomer sulfobetaine methacrylate were developed and studied. The difficulty in formulating these chemically incompatible species was overcome by careful choice of solvents and a series of prototype cross-linked films were prepared in which increasing quantities of zwitterion were systematically incorporated. The fouling-release performance of these films was tested against the diatom Navicula incerta, a common microfouling organism responsible for the formation of socalled 'slime' layers, and antifouling performance with cypris larvae of two barnacle species, Balanus amphitrite, and Balanus improvises. To expand the scope of the study, the clinically-relevant biofilm-forming pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, which is a major culprit in the infection and failure of millions of indwelling medical devices, was also evaluated. Results indicate that the incorporation of zwitterion into perfluoropolyethers leads to significant improvements in fouling-release performance and these amphiphilic coatings display potential in fouling-release applications.
机译:海洋结构的生物污染呈现出海事行业的问题,包括提高燃料和运营成本。基于疏水性含氟聚合物和亲水聚(乙二醇)(PEG),有很多工作开发和评估了化学“模糊”两亲涂层。许多这些涂料对硅藻表示良好的污垢释放性能,这对商业上可用的最先进的硅氧烷的污垢释放涂层具有污垢挑战。然而,PEG易于氧化,这限制了其在海洋环境中的实际用途,因此在两亲涂料的未来发展中可以是一种替代的亲水材料。在这方面,两性离子材料作为一种有前途的亲水性防污材料涌现,我们假设是两亲涂层内PEG的合适替代物。为了测试该假设,开发并研究了由市售全氟聚醚和两性离子单体磺基甲酸甲基丙烯酸酯组成的交联两亲膜。通过仔细选择溶剂克服这些化学上不相容物质的难度并制备一系列原型交联膜,其中系统地掺入了增加的两性倍数。这些薄膜的污垢释放性能是针对硅藻基Navicula IncERTA测试的,这是一种常见的微孔生物,其负责形成被锁定的“粘液层”层,并使用两种晶粒种,Balanus amphitrite和Balanus的Cypris幼虫进行防污性能。为了扩大该研究的范围,还评估了临床相关的生物膜形成病原体金黄色葡萄球菌,其是数百万留置医疗装置感染和失效的主要罪魁祸首。结果表明,两性化掺入全氟聚醚中的掺入污垢释放性能和这些两亲涂层在污垢释放应用中的潜力的显着改善。

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