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Seed coats as an alternative molecular factory: thinking outside the box

机译:种子外套作为替代分子厂:在盒子外面思考

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摘要

Key message Seed coats as commodities. Abstract Seed coats play important roles in the protection of the embryo from biological attack and physical damage by the environment as well as dispersion strategies. A significant part of the energy devoted by the mother plant to seed production is channeled into the production of the cell layers and metabolites that surround the embryo. Nevertheless, in crop species these are often discarded post-harvest and are a wasted resource that could be processed to yield co-products. The production of novel compounds from existing metabolites is also a possibility. A number of macromolecules are already accumulated in these maternal layers that could be exploited in industrial applications either directly or via green chemistry, notably flavonoids, lignin, lignan, polysaccharides, lipid polyesters and waxes. Here, we summarize our knowledge of the in planta biosynthesis pathways of these macromolecules and their molecular regulation as well as potential applications. We also outline recent work aimed at providing further tools for increasing yields of existing molecules or the development of novel biotech approaches, as well as trial studies aimed at exploiting this underused resource.
机译:关键消息种子外套作为商品。摘要种子外套在保护生物攻击和环境损坏的胚胎中起重要作用以及分散策略。母植物赋予种子生产的能量的重要部分被引入到围绕胚胎的细胞层和代谢物的生产中。然而,在作物种类中,这些通常被丢弃的收获后丢弃,并且是可以加工以产生共同产品的浪费资源。来自现有代谢物的新化合物的生产也是一种可能性。已经在这些母体层中积累了许多大分子,可以直接或通过绿色化学,特别是黄酮类化合物,木质素,木兰,多糖,脂质聚酯和蜡在工业应用中累积。在这里,我们总结了我们对这些大分子的Planta生物合成途径以及它们的分子调节以及潜在应用的知识。我们还概述了最近的工作,旨在提供进一步的工具,以增加现有分子的产量或新的生物技术方法的发展,以及旨在利用这种未充分利用的资源的试验研究。

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