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Dry granular avalanche impact force on a rigid wall: Analytic shock solution versus discrete element simulations

机译:刚性墙上的干燥粒状雪崩冲击力:分析休克解决方案与离散元素模拟

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The present paper investigates the mean impact force exerted by a granular mass flowing down an incline and impacting a rigid wall of semi-infinite height. First, this granular flow-wall interaction problem is modeled by numerical simulations based on the discrete element method (DEM). These DEM simulations allow computing the depth-averaged quantities-thickness, velocity, and density-of the incoming flow and the resulting mean force on the rigid wall. Second, that problem is described by a simple analytic solution based on a depth-averaged approach for a traveling compressible shock wave, whose volume is assumed to shrink into a singular surface, and which coexistswith a dead zone. It is shown that the dead-zone dynamics and the mean force on thewall computed from DEM can be reproduced reasonably well by the analytic solution proposed over a wide range of slope angle of the incline. These results are obtained by feeding the analytic solution with the thickness, the depth-averaged velocity, and the density averaged over a certain distance along the incline rather than flow quantities taken at a singular section before the jump, thus showing that the assumption of a shock wave volume shrinking into a singular surface is questionable. The finite length of the traveling wave upstream of the grains piling against the wall must be considered. The sensitivity of the model prediction to that sampling length remains complicated, however, which highlights the need of further investigation about the properties and the internal structure of the propagating granular wave.
机译:本文研究了颗粒质量施加在倾斜并撞击半无限高度的刚性壁的平均冲击力。首先,通过基于离散元素方法(DEM)的数值模拟来建模该粒状流动壁交互问题。这些DEM仿真允许计算进入流动的深度平均量厚度,速度和密度 - 刚性壁上的所得平均力。其次,基于用于行驶可压缩冲击波的深度平均方法的简单分析解决方案描述了该问题,其体积被假定缩小到奇异表面,以及死区的共存。结果表明,通过在倾斜度宽范围的斜坡角上提出的分析解决方案,可以合理地良好地再现来自DEM计算的死区动力学和均线。这些结果是通过馈送具有厚度,深度平均速度的分析溶液,并且在沿着倾斜之前的一定距离上的密度而不是在跳转之前在奇异部分拍摄的流量的密度来获得的,从而表明假设a冲击波体积缩小到奇异表面是可疑的。必须考虑谷物上游的行进波的有限长度。然而,模型预测对采样长度的敏感性保持复杂,这突出了需要进一步研究的特性和传播颗粒波的内部结构。

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