D-glutamate, D-serine, and D-alanine differ in their roles in cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment

摘要

Background: D-amino acids have been recognized as bioactive substances in humans. D-Serine and D-alanine are co-agonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Glutamate has been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to explore the roles of amino acids, particularly D-amino acids, in cognitive decline among patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).