Adaptive landscape agricultural development in the south-east ofthe Republic of Kazakhstan

摘要

The purpose of the research was to develop an adaptive landscape agriculture system (ALAS) for the test (in terms of agri-environmental conditions of foothill plain of the Iliysky Alatau mountain range) of commercial farm unit "Bayserke-Agro" LLP (Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty Region, Talgar District) providing high productivity and sustainability of agro-landscapes and effective reproduction of soil fertility. ALAS design was carried out in stages by developing of the geo-information system (GIS) for agro-ecological land assessment as the first stage, namely - electronic maps composition reflecting the relief, exposure, lithological, hydrological conditions and soil cover structure of agro-landscapes. Electronic maps were made by soil-landscape mapping of rangelands on a scale of 1 : 50000 in the context of the elemental areal of agro-landscapes (EAA), ranked in a certain structural hierarchy in accordance with the landscape-ecological classification of lands. Developed map of agro-ecological land groups and types is a basis for designing ALAS and agro-technologies for various agro-ecological land groups. It defines their specific agro-ecological position, which is of a general nature in the widespread climatic cropping patterns. Our approach toALAS development in the southeast of the Republic of Kazakhstan, based on various electronic maps reflecting to landscape differentiation of rangelands, is the first known approach in the Republic. It is the first stage of this process that may be interesting and complement the world data bank with agro-ecological features of lands in the region. This reveals practical significance and the world novelty of the research.