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首页> 外文期刊>Livestock Science >Effect of flaxseed oil, poultry fat, and vitamin E supplementation on physical and organoleptic characteristics and fatty acid profile of pork, and expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism
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Effect of flaxseed oil, poultry fat, and vitamin E supplementation on physical and organoleptic characteristics and fatty acid profile of pork, and expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism

机译:亚麻籽油,家禽脂肪和维生素E补充对猪肉物理和感官特征和脂肪酸谱的影响,以及脂质代谢相关的基因的表达

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摘要

A total of 96 pigs (Yorkshire; 54.3 +/- 3.4 kg body weight) were used to investigate the effect of dietary lipid (0 or 1% flaxseed oil + 1, 3, or 5% poultry fat for the diets supplemented with lipids) and vitamin E (11 or 220 IU vitamin E/kg) supplementation in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments on the physical and organoleptic characteristics and fatty acid (FA) profile of pork, and the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. Forty-eight pens containing 2 gilts or 2 castrated males were randomly assigned to 8 treatments with 3 gilt pens and 3 castrated male pens per treatment. Pigs were harvested when they reached approximately 110 kg. Muscle and adipose tissue samples at the last rib were collected to determine the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. Loin muscle samples were collected for the determination of the physical and organoleptic characteristics and FA profile of pork. The percentage of the saturated FA and monounsaturated FA decreased linearly (P < 0.012), while the percentage of omega-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), total PUFA, and C18:2 omega 6c increased linearly (P < 0.001) as dietary lipids increased. Flaxseed oil supplementation increased C18:3 omega 3, Cc20:3 omega 3, and C20:5 omega 3, and decreased the omega-6 to omega-3 FA and the linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid ratios (P < 0.001). The content of omega-3 PUFA or highly unsaturated omega-3 FA was greatest in pigs fed the diet containing 2% lipids (quadratic, P < 0.001). Serum alpha-tocopherol content was greater (P < 0.001) in pigs fed the diet containing 220 IU than those fed the diet containing 11 IU vitamin E/kg. Dietary lipid supplementation had no effect on serum alpha-tocopherol content. Dietary treatments had no effects on Wamer-Bratzler shear force, cooking loss, lipid content, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content of the loin muscle. Similarly, no major differences were observed on the organoleptic characteristics of pork or the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. In conclusion, feeding flaxseed oil and poultry fat to finisher pigs was effective in improving the nutritional value of pork as indicated by omega-6 to omega-3 FA ratio without negatively affecting organoleptic characteristics or oxidative stability of pork.
机译:共有96只猪(约克郡; 54.3 +/- 3.4千克体重)用于探讨膳食脂质(0或1%亚麻籽油+ 1,3,或5%家禽脂肪用于补充脂质的饮食的效果)和维生素E(11或220 IU维生素E / kg)补充了4×2因子治疗的猪肉治疗和猪肉(FA)曲线的治疗,以及与脂质代谢相关的基因的表达。含有2个Gilts或2个阉割的男性的四十八条术语被随机分配到8个处理,每次处理3个镀金笔和3个阉割的雄性钢笔。当它们达到大约110千克时收获猪。收集最后肋骨处的肌肉和脂肪组织样品以确定与脂质代谢相关的基因的表达。收集腰部肌肉样品,用于测定猪肉的物理和肠道特征和FA型材。饱和的FA和Monounsaturated Fa的百分比线性下降(P <0.012),而ω-6多不饱和Fa(PUFA),总PUFA和C18:2ω6c的百分比线性增加(p <0.001),因为膳食脂质增加。亚麻籽油补充增加C18:3ω3,CC20:3ω3和C20:5ω3,并降低ω-6至ω-3发给α-亚麻酸比(P <0.001)。欧米茄-3 PUFA或高度不饱和的ω-3 FA的含量最为伟大,饲料含有2%脂质的饮食(二次,P <0.001)。血清α-生育酚含量较大(P <0.001)猪喂食含有220IU的饮食,而不是喂食含有11IU维生素E / kg的饮食。膳食脂质补充对血清α-生育酚含量没有影响。膳食治疗对Wamer-Bratzer剪切力,烹饪损失,脂质含量和噻吩肌的硫酸酸反应物质含量没有影响。同样,在猪肉的感官特征或与脂质代谢相关的基因表达上没有观察到重大差异。总之,喂养亚麻籽油和家禽脂肪过度整理猪的猪肉有效改善猪肉的营养价值,如ω-6到omega-3的比率,而不会对猪肉的感官特征或氧化稳定性产生负面影响。

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