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A combination dielectric and acoustic laboratory instrument for petrophysics

机译:岩石物理学的组合介电和声学实验室仪器

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摘要

Laboratory testing of rock samples is the primary method for establishing the physics models which relate the rock properties (i.e. porosity, fluid permeability, pore-fluid and saturation) essential to evaluating a hydrocarbon reservoir, to the physical properties (resistivity, nuclear magnetic resonance, dielectric permittivity and acoustic properties) which can be measured with borehole logging instrumentation. Rock samples usually require machining to produce a suitable geometry for each test as well as specific sample preparation, e.g. multiple levels of saturation and chemical treatments, and this leads to discrepancies in the condition of the sample between different tests. Ideally, multiphysics testing should occur on one sample simultaneously so that useful correlations between data sets can be more firmly established. The world's first dielectric and acoustic combination cell has been developed at CSIRO, so that a sample may be machined and prepared, then measured to determine the dielectric and acoustic properties simultaneously before atmospheric conditions in the laboratory affect the level of hydration in the sample. The dielectric measurement is performed using a conventional three-terminal parallel plate capacitor which can operate from 40 Hz up to 110 MHz, with modified electrodes incorporating a 4 MHz P-wave piezo crystal. Approximately 10 (acoustic P-) wavelengths interact with a typical (10 mm thick) sample so that the user may reliably 'pick' the P-wave arrival times with acceptable resolution. Experimental evidence indicates that the instrument is able to resolve 0.25 mm thickness in a Teflon sample test piece. For a number of engineering materials including Teflon and glass and also for a geological samples (Donnybrook sandstone from Western Australia) there is a perfectly linear relationship between both capacitance and P-wave arrival time with sample thickness. Donnybrook sandstone has a consistently linear increase in dielectric permittivity and P-wave velocity with saturation consistent with the Gassmann-Hill prediction. Both the dielectric permittivity and P-wave velocity are faster parallel to the bedding plane than orthogonal to the bedding plane in a shale from the Cooper Basin, Australia.
机译:岩石样品的实验室测试是建立物理模型的主要方法,其涉及评估烃储层至物理性质(电阻率,核磁共振,所述物理模型可以用钻孔测井仪器测量的介电介电常数和声学性质。岩石样品通常需要加工以产生每个测试的合适的几何形状以及特定的样品制备,例如特定的样品制备。多种饱和度和化学处理,这导致不同测试之间样品的条件差异。理想情况下,多体验测试应同时在一个样本上发生,以便可以更牢固地建立数据集之间的有用相关性。在Csiro开发了世界上的第一电介质和声学组合电池,使得可以加工和制备样品,然后测量以在实验室的大气条件之前同时测量电介质和声学性质影响样品中的水合水平。使用传统的三端平行板电容器执行电介质测量,该电容器可以从40Hz高达110 MHz操作,其中改进的电极包含4MHz P波压电晶体。大约10(声学P +)波长与典型(10mm厚)样本相互作用,使得用户可以以可接受的分辨率可靠地“挑选”P波到达时间。实验证据表明该仪器能够在Teflon样品试验片中解析0.25毫米厚度。对于多种工程材料,包括Teflon和玻璃等,还用于从西澳大利亚的地质样品(来自西澳大利亚的Donnybrook砂岩),电容和P波到达时间之间存在完全线性的关系,采用样品厚度。 Donnybrook砂岩具有常电介电常数和P波速度的致力线性增加,饱和度与Gassmann-Hill预测一致。介电介电常数和P波速度均比与澳大利亚Cooper Basin的页岩中的床上用品平面平行于床上用品平面。

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