Impact of Periodontal Disease on the Quality of Life of Diabetics Based on Different Clinical Diagnostic Criteria

摘要

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of periodontal disease on the quality of life of individuals with diabetes according to different clinical criteria (I-AAP, II-Beck, III-Machtei, IV-Lopez, V-Albandar, VI-Tonetti, and VII-CPI). This cross-sectional study sampled 300 individuals in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The Oral Health Impact Profile was used to measure the impact of periodontal disease on quality of life. Prevalence of periodontal disease was 35.3%, 30.7%, 35.0%, 9.7%, 92.3%, 25.3%, and 75.3% using criteria I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII, respectively. The III-Machtei (P = 0.043) and IV-Lopez(P < 0.001) criteria were associated with OHIP-14; functional limitation was associated with IV-Lopez (P = 0.006) and V-Albandar (P = 0.018) criteria. Pain was only associated with V-Albandar criteria (P < 0.001). Psychological discomfort was associated with the IV-Lopez (P = 0.018) criteria. Physical disability was associated with the IV-Lopez (P = 0.047) and V-Tonetti (P = 0.046) criteria. Being handicapped was associated with the I-AAP (P = 0.025) and II-Beck (P = 0.041) criteria. Concepts of health and disease determined by clinical diagnostic criteria may influence the assessment of the impact of periodontal disease on diabetics' quality of life. Diabetes mellitus is one of the primary public health problems. Its chronic nature and the limitations it imposes contribute significantly to the increase in hospitalization, disability, and mortality rates. The occurrence of diabetes in population groups is linked mainly to socioeconomic factors, cultural factors, stress, and family predisposition . In the year 2000, the prevalence of diabetes in the world was 171 million, and it is estimated that this number will reach 366 million by 2030 . In Brazil, there are approximately 10 million people with diabetes. Studies suggest that diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease, pointing out that the prevalence, incidence, and severity of periodontal disease are higher among individuals with diabetes in comparison to healthy individuals . The mechanisms by which diabetes influences periodontal disease include vascular abnormalities, neutrophil dysfunction, abnormalities in collagen synthesis, and genetic predisposition.