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Modelling the mechanical structure of extreme shear ruptures with friction approaching zero generated in brittle materials

机译:脆性材料中产生摩擦摩擦摩擦力的极端剪切破裂机械结构

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摘要

Experiments on frictional stick-slip instability in brittle materials and natural observations show that friction falls towards zero in the head of shear ruptures propagating with extreme velocities (up to supershear levels). Although essential for understanding earthquakes, fracture mechanics and tribology the question of what physical processes determine how weakening occurs is still unclear. Here, using a mathematical model, we demonstrate that the extremely low friction can be caused by a fan-like fault structure formed on the basis of a tensile-cracking process observed in all extreme ruptures. The mathematical model visualises and describes the fan-structure as a mechanical system during rupture propagation. It explains some features observed in laboratory experiments.
机译:脆性材料摩擦粘滑不稳定性的实验和自然观测结果表明,摩擦落在剪切破裂头上呈零,以极端速度传播(达到超级水平)。 虽然对理解地震,骨折力学和摩擦学是必不可少的物理过程决定如何疲软的问题仍然不清楚。 这里,使用数学模型,我们证明了极低的摩擦力可以由基于在所有极端破裂中观察到的拉伸裂解过程的风扇状故障结构引起。 数学模型可视化并将风扇结构描述为在破裂传播期间作为机械系统。 它解释了在实验室实验中观察到的一些特征。

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