Normal Forms for Partial Neutral Functional Differential Equations with Applications to Diffusive Lossless Transmission Line

摘要

A class of partial neutral functional differential equations are considered. For the linearized equation, the semigroup properties and formal adjoint theory are established. Based on these results, we develop two algorithms of normal form computation for the nonlinear equation, and then use them to study Hopf bifurcation problems of such equations. In particular, it is shown that the normal forms, derived from these two different approaches, for the Hopf bifurcation are exactly the same. As an illustration, the diffusive lossless transmission line equation where a Hopf singularity occurs is studied.