Communicating the relative health risks of E-cigarettes: An online experimental study exploring the effects of a comparative health message versus the EU nicotine addiction warnings on smokers' and non-smokers' risk perceptions and behavioural intentions

摘要

Introduction: This study investigated the effects of the European Union Tobacco Products Directive [EU-TPD] Article 20 E-cigarette (EC) health warnings ("This product contains nicotine which is a highly addictive substance [It is not recommended for non-smokers.]") and a comparative harm message ("Use of this product is much less harmful than smoking" [COMP]) on smokers' and non-smokers' perceptions and behavioural intentions.