E‐cigarette use in pregnancy: a human rights‐based approach to policy and practice

Eijk Yvette; Petersen Anne Berit; Bialous Stella A.

摘要

Abstract > The health risks associated with e‐cigarette use in pregnancy are mostly unknown. Guidelines by the World Health Organization and national health agencies warn women against using e‐cigarettes in pregnancy; however, in the <fc>UK</fc> , a recent multiagency guideline takes a different approach by not discouraging e‐cigarette use in pregnancy. Furthermore, e‐Voke ? , an e‐cigarette, has been approved for use in pregnancy in the <fc>UK</fc> . We analyze United Nations human rights treaties to examine how they might inform best practice recommendations for e‐cigarette use in pregnancy. These treaties oblige Parties to adopt policies that protect children's and women's right to health, appropriate pregnancy services, and health education. We argue that clinical practice guidelines related to use of e‐cigarettes in pregnancy should consider both evidence and human rights principles, and ensure that healthcare providers and patients are given clear, accurate messages about the known and potential risks associated with e‐cigarette use in pregnancy. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：id =“aogs13198-abs-0001”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> < P>怀孕与电子烟时使用的健康风险大多是未知的。世界卫生组织和国家卫生机构的指导方针警告妇女在怀孕中使用电子烟;然而，在<FC> UK </ FC>中，最近的多元等级指南通过不妨碍怀孕的电子烟来采用不同的方法。此外，E-VOKE <SUP>？</ SUP>，电子烟，已批准用于在<FC> UK </ FC>中怀孕。我们分析了联合国人权条约，以审查他们如何为怀孕的电子烟士使用的最佳实践建议。这些条约迫使缔约方通过保护儿童和妇女健康权，适当的怀孕服务和健康教育的政策。我们认为，与妊娠中的电子卷烟的使用相关的临床实践指南应考虑证据和人权原则，并确保给予医疗保健提供者和患者对与电子烟有关的已知和潜在风险的清晰准确的信息怀孕。 </ p> </ abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-17780/'>《Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica: Official Publication of the Nordisk Forening for Obstetrik och Gynekologi》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2017年第11期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共6页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Eijk Yvette&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Eijk Yvette;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Petersen Anne Berit&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Petersen Anne Berit;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Bialous Stella A.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Bialous Stella A.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Center for Tobacco Control Research and EducationUniversity of California San FranciscoSan;</p> <p>Center for Tobacco Control Research and EducationUniversity of California San FranciscoSan;</p> <p>Center for Tobacco Control Research and EducationUniversity of California San FranciscoSan;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/197.html" title="妇产科学">妇产科学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Electronic‐cigarettes&option=203" rel="nofollow">Electronic‐cigarettes;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=education&option=203" rel="nofollow">education;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=pregnancy&option=203" rel="nofollow">pregnancy;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=human rights&option=203" rel="nofollow">human rights;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=tobacco&option=203" rel="nofollow">tobacco;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：电子香烟;教育;怀孕;人权;烟草; 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