Piperazine as an Inexpensive and Efficient Ligand for Pd-Catalyzed Homocoupling Reactions to Synthesize Bipyridines and Their Analogues

摘要

Aim and Objective: The synthesis of bipyridines, especially 2, 2'-bipyridines, remains challenging because the catalytic cycle can be inhibited due to coordination of bipyridine to transition metal. Thus, the development of efficient methods for the synthesis of bipyridines is highly desirable. In the present work, we presented a promising approach for preparation of bipyridines via a Pd-catalyzed reductive homocoupling reaction with simple piperazine as a ligand.