Evaluation of susceptibility of pistachio cultivars to aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin B1 production.

摘要

The susceptibility of the following pistachio cultivars to A. flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 was studied: Akbari, Kalleh-Ghuchi, Ohadi, Ahmadaghaei, Kalleh-Bozi, Kalkhandan, Shahpasand, FAS-13-73, Abbasali and Fakhri. The cultivars were collected from different parts of the pistachio belt in Iran, i.e. Rafsanjan, Damghan and Ghazvin. The isolate of A. flavus could produce aflatoxin B1 and B2, but could not produce aflatoxin G1 and G2. To investigate the susceptibility of pistachio cultivars to A. flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 production, 20-g lots of pistachio kernels from the 10 cultivars were surface-sterilized and inoculated with 1.0 ml spore suspension (2x106 spores/ml) of A. flavus. Eight days after inoculation, the growth rate and colonization of A. flavus on pistachio kernels were measured. The aflatoxin content of the samples was estimated. Akbari was the least susceptible to fungal growth. The degree of aflatoxin production varied among the different cultivars. Aflatoxin B1 production was lowest in Kalkhandan and Fakhri kernels, and greatest in Shahpasand and Abbasali kernels..