ATP-binding cassette transporter A1: key player in cardiovascular and metabolic disease at local and systemic level

摘要

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) facilitates cellular choiesterol efflux to lipid-poor apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and plays a key role in the formation and function of HDL. This review summarizes the advances and new insights in the role of ABCA1 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases from studies in genetically engineered mice. Recent studies show that low HDL associated with liver-specific deletion of ABCA1 does not affect macrophage reverse cholesterol transport or atherosclerosis susceptibility, in the intestine, ABCA! contributes to the packaging of dietary cholesterol into HDL. Locally in the arterial wall, ABCA1 influences atherosclerosis by acting not only in bone marrow-derived cells but also in endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, other than its established role in regulating insulin secretion by beta-cells, evidence is provided that adipocyte-specific ABCA1 prevents fat storage and the development of impaired glucose tolerance. Moreover, new insights are provided on the post-transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 expression by microRNAs.