Molecular iodine mediated oxidative cross-coupling of sp(3) C-H with sp(2) C-H: direct synthesis of substituted indolo[2,3-b]carbazoles via formal [2+2+1+1] cyclization

摘要

A molecular iodine mediated oxidative cross-coupling of beta-keto ester sp(3) C-H with 1H-indole sp(2) C-H was developed for the synthesis of indolo[2,3-b]carbazoles. A self-sequenced iodination/Kornblum oxidation/hydrolyzation/decarboxylative/deacylation/aromatization mechanism has been proposed as a possible reaction sequence to account for the results observed in this study. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.