Analysis of High-Boiling Products of Processing of Fossil Fuels by HPLC

摘要

A special place among a large variety of natural fossil fuels is occupied by petroleum (crude oil), hard coal and combustible shales. The proximate analysis of fossil fuels that have medium molar masses and boiling temperatures has been mastered in sufficient detail. Complexities arise in going to higher-boiling fractions, still bottoms and tars, the analysis of which has largely a group rather than an individual character. The refinement of the processing of multicomponent products and fractions and the detection of new individual chemical compounds constitute a tendency which is constantly developing and which directly concerns the analysis of high-boiling products. The main constituents of high-boiling fractions and still bottoms of fossil fuels are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and derivatives of polycyclic arenes (PADs), whose molecules contain nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The polycyclic arene derivatives encountered most frequently are benzoderivatives of pyridine, phenol and thiophene. The analysis of technical-grade products of processing of fuels containing PAHs and PADs (in cases of their joint presence) is a formidable task. With purification systems far from being sufficiently efficient the compounds indicated may find their way together with other discharges into the environment and spread to large distances.