Atypical neurologic presentations of new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus in pediatric age group: a report of five unusual cases and review of the literature

摘要

: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TlDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood and is caused by insulin deficiency resulting from the autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas. Most children in the US with new onset TlDM present with the classic signs and symptoms of hypergly-cemia and 30% with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Neurologic manifestations are relatively rare and mostly include lethargy, decreased level of consciousness, and coma as a result of DKA. In this article, five cases of new onset TlDM with exceedingly rare or unreported neurologic manifestations in the pediatric age group are presented, along with a review of the literature.