Genetic variation and trait relationships in summer groundnut, Arachis hypogaea L.

摘要

Fifty elite genotypes of bunch groundnut, Arachis hypogaea (L.) were evaluated in summer season to know the extent of genetic variability, nature and magnitude of association among the yield traits and their direct and indirect effects on pod yield. High magnitude of GCV and PCV for pods/plant, kernel yield/plant and pod yield/plant indicated large extent of genetic variability for these traits in the material. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic advance for plant height and 100 pod weight, whereas, moderate heritability was associated with high genetic advance and high GCV for pods per plant and kernel yield/plant, indicating involvement of additive gene action for these traits. Pod yield/plant expressed high genetic advance with lowheritability, however, its high magnitude of GCV suggested the scope of pod yield improvement. Pod yield/plant was associated strongly and positively with kernel yield/plant, pods/plant, shelling outturn and oil content but its correlation was significantly negative with 100 pod weight, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. Pods/plant manifested maximum direct effects towards pod yield/plant followed by 100 pod weight and 100 kernel weights. Pods/plant and kernel yield/plant also contributed majorshare to pod yield/plant indirectly through other traits. Thus, pods/plant and kernel yield/plant would be the important component traits of pod yield and should be considered as selection criteria for enhancing yield in summer groundnut.