花生主要农艺性状的遗传变异及相关性和主成分分析

摘要

The genetic variation,correlation and principal component of 13 agronomic characters of 11 peanut varieties of Jilin Province peanut region trial were analyzed.The results showed that the variations of No.of fruits per plant,the length of the lateral branch and the height of main stem were the greatest,with a value of 15.81％,13.21％ and 12.20％,and variations of growth period was the least,with a value of 0.57％.Correlation analysis indicated that there were significantly positive correlation between the yield per plot and the total number of branches、the hundred-pod-weight.the same time there were also positive correlation among period of duration,pods per plant,full fruit number per plant,single plant productivity and yield perplot.Principal component analysis showed that the front four principal components accounted for 86.28％ of total variation.It is very important to select these agronomic traits which have bigger variant coefficient.In varieties choosing,we should select the yield,total number of branches,hundred-pod-weight,No.of fruits per plant and single plant productivity all high level.%以吉林省花生区域试验参试的11个花生品种为材料,对13个主要农艺性状进行变异系数、相关性和主成分分析.结果表明:单株结果数、侧枝长度和主茎高度的变异系数较大,分别为15.81％、13.21％和12.20％,生育期的变异系数最小为0.57％；在相关性上,小区产量与总分枝数、百果重呈显著正相关,生育期、单株结果数、单株饱果数和单株生产力也与小区产量呈正相关；主成分分析结果表明,前4个主成分对变异的累计贡献率达86.28％.在性状选择上,首先对变异大的性状进行选择是非常重要的,在品种选择上,应注意选择产量和总分枝数、百果重、单株结果数、单株生产力均高的品种.