栽培种花生RIL群体荚果及籽仁性状遗传变异分析

摘要

以花生栽培品种山花15号与中花12号杂交,经多代自交获得的包含441个家系的F5-7重组自交系群体为材料,分别在2014-2016年3个环境条件下(E1、E2和E3)种植,对荚果及籽仁的6个产量相关性状进行遗传变异分析.结果表明,花生果宽、单果重、单仁重和果壳厚度主要受3对主基因控制,表现为完全等加性效应或加性上位性效应,主基因遗传率分别为88.11％、87.58％、78.12％和87.31％;果长主要受2对或3对主基因控制,基因间存在加性上位性或隐性上位性效应,主基因遗传率为90.29％.以上5个性状除单仁重外,在不同环境中遗传率均表现稳定,适合在早期世代进行选择.单株生产力在3个环境中受主基因和多基因共同控制,主基因遗传率平均为22.49％,多基因遗传率平均为71.24％.%The F5-7 RIL population consisting of 441 stable families was obtained after successive inbreeding from F2 generation of the cross of peanut cultivar Shanhua 15 and Zhonghua 12.The genetic variation analysis was performed in 6 yield-related traits of pods and seed kernels.The RIL population was planted under 3 environmental conditions (E1,E2 and E3) in 2014-2016.The results showed that the pod width (PW),single pod weight (SPW),single-seed weight (SSW) and pod shell thickness (PST) were controlled by 3 pairs of major genes,which showed complete additive or additive-epistatic effects.The major gene heritability of PW,SPW,SSW and PST were 88.11％,87.58％,78.12％ and 87.31％ respectively.The pod length (PL) was controlled by 2 or 3 pairs of major genes,which showed additive-epistatic or recessive-epistatic effects,and its major gene heritability was 90.29％.Except SSW,the above 5 traits all showed stable heritability in different environments,so they were suitable for selection in the early generations.The total pod weight per plant was controlled by major genes plus polygenes in the 3 environments,and its major gene heritability was averagely 22.49％,while its polygene heritability was 71.24％.