Caring theories in nursing are based on modern sciences of philosophy, anthropology, sociology, metaphysics, and human science, among others (i.e., Boykin, 2001; Duffy, 2009;Watson, 2005).These theories use concepts such as cultural and transcultural caring, compassion, altruism, and nurturing while emphasizing a humanistic relationship between the nurse and patient, family, and/or community.
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