Realizing the potential of accessible ICTs in developing countries

摘要

Purpose: To raise the awareness of policy makers, economic development practitioners, and service providers about the importance of making information and communication technology (ICT) based international economic development in low- and middle-income countries inclusive of people with disabilities and to discuss the role and importance of addressing the complete ICT and assistive technology (AT) ecosystem to ensure sustainable, scalable, and affordable access to ICTs and ICT-based programs. Method: This commentary piece draws upon recent literature and practice cases to examine the role of accessible ICTs in international development. Results: Accessible ICTs can enhance economic participation and prevent exclusion from participation in international development programs. Access to and use of accessible technologies are largely determined by the ecosystem in which they exist and can be enhanced or hindered by government policy and legislation and the quality of the service delivery systems and financing mechanisms. Conclusions: People with disabilities in developing countries face daunting barriers to socioeconomic participation. Accessible ICTs can eliminate or mitigate some of these barriers. However, technology advancements do not solely promote penetration, affordability, or scalability of ICT-based development for persons with disabilities. A comprehensive ecosystem approach can help in developing sustainable mechanisms for access, affordability, and availability. Implications for Rehabilitation Accessible ICTs are unavailable to the majority of people with disabilities living in low- and middle-income countries thus posing barriers to socioeconomic participation and ICT enabled social and economic development programs (ICT4D). Availability of and access to ICT is determined by the nature and components (individual, social, financial, and government actors and systems) of its ecosystem. The promise of ICTs for people with disabilities cannot be realized in low- and middle-income countries without supportive legislation, policy, infrastructure and financing. The ICT ecosystem will promote successful outcomes when its stakeholders, policy structures, and resources align to strengthen and support one another.