Centrolene daidaleum (Ruiz-Carranza & Lynch, 1991) (Anura, Centrolenidae): A glassfrog with primitive and derived combat behavior

摘要

Glassfrogs (family Centrolenidae) constitute a diverse Neotropical group of epiphyllous and arboreal anurans (Senaris & Ayarzaguena 2005; Guayasamin et al. 2009). They are commonly encountered on stream-side vegetation and many species may show high densities during their reproductive season, with numerous territorial males calling for mates in relative small areas (Senaris & Ayarzaguena 2005; Kubicki 2007; Delia et al. 2010). Territoriality of males in several glassfrog species occasionally impliescombat behaviors. Combat behavior has been poorly documented in glassfrogs, mainly reported from anecdotal observations in just 11 species (McDiarmid & Adler 1974; Duellman & Savitzky 1976; Greer & Wells 1980; Jacobson 1985; Restrepo-Toro 1996; Bolivar et al. 1999; Savage 2002; Guayasamin & Barrio-Amoros 2005; Kubicki 2007; Delia et al. 2010).