Part 2: ductile failure criteria for detonation-induced pressure loading in containment vessels

摘要

Over the past 30 years, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), has been conducting contained high explosion experiments utilizing large, spherical, steel pressure vessels. Design of these spherical vessels was originally accomplished by maintaining that the vessel's kinetic energy, developed from the detonation impulse loading, be equilibrated by the elastic strain energy inherent in the vessel. Within the last decade, designs have been accomplished utilizing sophisticated and advanced computer codes that address both the detonation hydrodynamics and the vessel's nonlinear structural response. These vessels have been primarily designed for single-use application. The ductile failure methodology is founded upon the plastic tensile instability strain limit and ductile tearing initiation as the fundamental parameters for failure. Notwithstanding the past accomplishments, no industry design standards (such as the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code) or similar guidelines have ever been developed to address a complete and rational design philosophy and methodology for detonation impulse loading. Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) at Aldermaston in the United Kingdom has developed a successful design criterion for multiple-use pressure vessels. The AWE methodology uses the ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 3 rules which is primarily developed for multiple-use application. Ductile failure design methodologies for both single-use and multiple-use applications are presented herein.