HVDC Advances in the Russian Federation: A review of Russian HVDC projects along with projection of future works

摘要

The Russian Federation, the largest republic of the former Soviet Union, has been an independent state since 1991. The All-Union Power Pool System of the European part of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics remained in Russia as part of the United Power System (UPS) of the Commonwealth of Independent States. With Russia's power sources located mostly in the east and load centers in the west, the main transmission lines have been built from east to west.