CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE CHANGE IN REACTIVITY OF SUPERNUCLEOPHILIC FUNCTIONAL SURFACTANTS IN ACYL GROUP TRANSFER PROCESSES

摘要

We consider the factors responsible for the nucleophilicity and micellar effects of surfactants based on imidazole and pyridine, functionalized by an oximate group. The reactivity of the functional detergents, as for oximes not forming micelles, is described by a nonlinear Bronsted plot with an inflection point at the pK_a of the oximate group, ～8.5-9.0. The major contribution to the increase in the degradation rate of ecotoxins by supernucleophilic systems based on functional surfactants (by a factor of 10~2 to 10~3 compared with the methyl analogs) comes from the effect of concentration of the substrate. The established characteristics make possible targeted modification of the surfactant structure and obtaining detergents with a specified reactivity level.