OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether maternal diabetes alters the habituation ability of fetuses and newborns. STUDY DESIGN: Two nonrandomized clinical trials were performed. First, we studied prenatal fetuses of women with pregestational diabetes, and control subjects matched for gestational age, and then we studied infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) and control subjects matched for gestational age and mode of delivery. Fetus and newborns were stimulated with vibroacoustic stimulus. RESULTS: In fetuses of diabetic mothers, the ability to habituate was lower, and the habituation rate was higher than in control subjects to all habituation tests. In the neonatal period, ability to habituate was lower (59% vs 100%; P< .001), and the habituation rate was higher (18 [14-21] vs 4 [1.2-6.8]; P< .001) in the IDM than in the control infants. We found a significant negative correlation between maternal glycosylated hemoglobin in each trimester of pregnancy and habituation ability in IDM. CONCLUSIONS: Fetuses and infants of diabetic mothers have impaired habituation ability, which is related to the degree of maternal metabolic control.
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机译：目的：评估母体糖尿病是否会改变胎儿和新生儿的适应能力。研究设计：进行了两项非随机临床试验。首先，我们研究了患有妊娠糖尿病的妇女的产前胎儿，并对照了胎龄的受试者，然后研究了糖尿病母亲的婴儿（IDM）和对照了胎龄和分娩方式的对照受试者。胎儿和新生儿受到振动声刺激。结果：在所有适应测试中，糖尿病母亲的胎儿适应能力均较低，适应率高于对照组。在新生儿期，适应能力较低（59％比100％; P <.001），并且适应率较高（18 [14-21]比4 [1.2-6.8]; P <.001）。 IDM高于对照组婴儿。我们发现孕妇每个妊娠中期的糖基化血红蛋白与IDM的适应能力之间存在显着的负相关。结论：糖尿病母亲的胎儿和婴儿的适应能力受损，这与母体代谢控制的程度有关。
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