Dietary intake and a food-frequency instrument to evaluate a nutrition intervention for the Apache in Arizona.

摘要

Dietary data collected from 24-h dietary recalls were incorporated into the development of a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) for the Apache population in Arizona, USA. A cross-sectional study was first conducted using 24-h dietary recalls to identify foods for inclusion on a QFFQ that would be used to evaluate a nutrition intervention in The White Mountain and San Carlos Apache reservations in East-central Arizona. The 24-h dietary recalls were collected from a random sample of 53 adults (34 women and 19 men). A QFFQ was developed that included all foods reported by >=2 respondents, plus traditional and seasonal foods. Portion size was assessed using familiar household units and culturally appropriate food models. The final instrument contains 155 foods. Frequency of consumption is assessed using 8 categories ranking from 'never or less than once a month' to '2 or more times a day'. Nutrient intakes and the 5 major food sources of energy, fat and sugar are presented. It is concluded that the QFFQ developed is complete and up-to-date for assessing usual food and nutrient intake for the Apache in Arizona. The instrument will be used to evaluate a food store-based nutrition intervention to reduce risk of chronic diseases.