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Seasonal dimorphism in wood anatomy of the Mediterranean Cistus incanus L. subsp. incanus

机译:地中海水犀科印加人L. subsp的木材解剖学中的季节性二态性。印加人

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In Mediterranean-type ecosystems, seasonal dimorphism is an adaptive strategy aimed to save water by developing brachyblasts with xeromorphic summer leaves as opposed to dolichoblasts with more mesomorphic winter leaves. The aim of this study was to analyse the anatomical properties of 1-year-old twigs of Cistus incanus subsp. incanus, a seasonally dimorphic shrub, to highlight properties allowing its adaptation to the Mediterranean environment. A more specific purpose was to verify the occurrence of seasonal dimorphism in wood anatomy in order to understand: (a) whether and to what extent the traits of efficiency/safety of water transport are expressed in brachyblasts and dolichoblasts, and (b) the effects on the formation of growth ring boundaries in wood. Our overall analysis showed that anatomical features of branches in C. incanus are designed to: (a) protect from desiccation by developing thick cuticle and suberized epidermal and sub-epidermal layers; (b) defend the plant from predators by accumulating phenolics; and (c) regulate water transport through the development of specific wood anatomy, according to the season, thus optimising properties of efficiency/safety. Regarding the latter point, our results indicated that brachyblast wood is safer than dolichoblast wood insofar as it has narrower and more frequent vessels; measurement of other specific anatomical traits, such as vessel wall thickness, suggested that brachyblast wood has a higher resistance to implosion due to drought-induced embolism. Finally, peculiar anatomy of brachyblast and dolichoblast wood results in the formation of so-called false rings. Hence, wood rings in C. incanus should be considered to be “seasonal” rather than “annual”.
机译:在地中海型生态系统中,季节性双态性是一种适应性策略,旨在通过开发具有干叶形夏叶的近距离成纤维细胞而不是具有更多同形叶草的冬叶成叶细胞来节水。这项研究的目的是分析1岁的Cistus incanus subsp嫩枝的解剖特性。 incanus,一种季节性的双态灌木,突出了使其适应地中海环境的特性。一个更具体的目的是验证木材解剖结构中的季节性二态现象的发生,以便了解:(a)在成球细胞和成球细胞中水运输的效率/安全性是否以及在何种程度上表达了水运输的效率/安全性,以及(b)效果在木材上形成年轮边界。我们的整体分析表明,弯弯曲曲分支的解剖特征旨在:(a)通过形成厚的表皮层以及表皮和表皮下层来防止干燥。 (b)通过积累酚类来保护植物免受捕食者的侵害; (c)通过根据季节改变特定的木材解剖结构来调节水的运输,从而优化效率/安全性。关于后一点,我们的结果表明,速生木材比狭窄的木材更安全,因为它的血管更窄,更频繁。对其他特定解剖特征(例如血管壁厚度)的测量表明,由于干旱引起的栓塞,速生胚木材对内爆具有较高的抵抗力。最终,短枝母细胞和白云母木材的特殊解剖结构导致了所谓的假环的形成。因此,应将Incanus incanus中的木环视为“季节性”而非“年度”。

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