アレルギ一性鼻炎による嗅覚障害

摘要

アレルギー性鼻炎を有する患者の54～67%が嗅覚低下(嗅覚脱失，嗅覚低下)を自覚し，21～45%で嗅覚検査の有意な閾値上昇を認める.嗅覚障害の原因疾患別には鼻副鼻腔炎，感冒罹患後，頭部顔面外傷後の次に頻度が多い.アレルギー性鼻炎の嗅覚障害は，鼻粘膜の肥厚や鼻汁過多に伴う鼻閉によるいわゆる呼吸性嗅覚障害がメィンで，既存のガイドラインでの治療法の選択は，少なくとも中等症以上の鼻閉型または鼻閉を主とする完全型が適応となる.比較的予後良好とされ，適切な治療により改善しうる病態と考えられている.%54-67% of patient with allergic rhinitis has olfactory dysfunction (anosmia, hyposmia). 21-45% of them also significantly decreases the olfactory threshold. Causes of olfactory disturbance are rhinosinusitis, sequel of cold, head injury and allergic rhinitis in decreasing order. Olfactory dysfunction due to allergic rhinitis is thought to respiratory disorder. They might be treating as at least both moderate and nose closed type by usual Japanese allergic rhinitis guideline. It is thought to be a relatively good prognosis and a pathological condition that can be improved by appropriate treatment.