In the 170 years since the first railway tunnels began operation, there fortunately has been a low incidence of accidents, fire-related train accidents and tunnel fires of other causes. With factors such as the closer relations between European countries, higher market globalisation, and growing levels in holiday traffic, the desire for mobility of persons and goods has increased. As a result, available transport routes have become overburdened, thereby increasing the chances of accidents. To cope with this, more lines are needed to be built - either underground or partially covered given local route conditions and topography and to protect against traffic noise.
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