リサイクル作業を想定したサポートベクタマシンによる電子回路基板からのコンデンサ部品の画像抽出

摘要

家電リサイクル法が2001年度より施行され，それに基づいた 廃棄電気製品の解体作業が必須となっている．対象物および作 業工程が多岐にわたるため，リサイクル作業には高度な汎用性 が要求される．このため主にコストの関係から，一部のリサイ クル工場の特定の工程で自動化技術が導入されているものの， 解体作業はほとんど人間による手作業で行われている．%In the task of recycling wasted televisions, extraction of harmful capacitor parts from an electronic circuit board is inevitable. In order to robotize this task, it is necessary to recognize these parts by image processing. The problem of this task is that the size and the position of these parts are different from one board to another according to the product company, the age of product, the kind of product, etc. Moreover, stained parts are included, and it is difficult to keep a lighting condition in a recycling factory. To clear these problems, a two-stage recognition method is proposed. In the first stage, circular edge images are selected as the candidates for capacitor parts by a template matching procedure, which is speeded up by interlacing and binarizing the image. In the second stage, the candidates are classified further into two categories of capacitor parts and others by Support Vector Machine. Sample images are prepared, for which the application of the usual template matching using a normalized cross-correlation is difficult. The recognition was successfully performed for these images, i.e., the false rejection rate (FRR) was 0% for the first stage, and the false acceptance rate (FAR) was 0% for the second stage. The time needed for dealing with a 640 × 480 pixels image was approximately 7 s.