LABORATORY STUDY OF REAL-TIME OPTICAL MICROSCOPE TRACKING OF THERMAL REACTION PROGRESS OF VACUUM RESIDUA I: PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN THERMAL REACTION SYSTEMS OF VACUUM RESIDUA

摘要

Under the thermal autoclave conditions of 370～390℃ and 1.0MPa N_2(initial pressure in the autoclave gaseous compartment), and with the residence time extending, there occur in succession three different characteristic states detectable and distinguishable by the optical microscope in the respective thermal reaction systems of Daqing, Shengli and Gudao vacuum residua. Results from the freeze-fracture replication transmission electronic microscopy and the spot test of the studied thermal reaction systems have indicated that the first characteristic state, at which the neo-phases have the minimum bulk effects on the system, arises from the aggregation and phase separation of the proto-asphaltenes due to the loss of the kinetic stability of the vacuum residuum colloids.