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Adaptive Capacity under Chronic Stressors: Assessment of Water Infrastructure Resilience in 2015 Nepalese Earthquake Using a System Approach

机译:慢性压力下的适应能力:使用系统方法评估2015年尼泊尔地震的水基础设施抗灾能力

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The objective of the study presented in this paper is to investigate determinants of resilience in water infrastructure systems in developing countries using the case study of the 2015 Nepalese Earthquake. Because of differences in social, economic, technological, and political contexts, the characteristics of resilient systems in developing countries are different from those of the developed countries. Unfortunately, however, the understanding of various factors and phenomena influencing infrastructure resilience in developing countries is rather limited. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the water infrastructure of the Kathmandu Valley in the 2015 Nepalese earthquake through the use of a systems approach. The data collected from different sources ranging from agency interviews to postdisaster assessment reports were analyzed using a system resilience framework and qualitative information analysis using powerful, robust software. The results of the analysis then were summarized to capture various factors and their interactions influencing the resilience of the water system. The analysis highlighted various phenomena, such as scarcity-induced negligence, human-infrastructure coupling, emergence of new dependencies, and adaptive capacity developed under chronic stressors, that led to the resilience performance of the water system in the Kathmandu Valley. The results highlight the importance of better understanding of human-infrastructure coupling, adaptive capacity, and systems transformation under chronic stressors for resilience analysis of infrastructure systems. The findings also have important implications for policymakers in developing and developed countries by identifying strategies that can bolster the resilience of infrastructure systems. (C) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
机译:本文提出的研究目的是使用2015年尼泊尔地震的案例研究发展中国家水基础设施系统的复原力决定因素。由于社会,经济,技术和政治环境的差异,发展中国家的弹性系统的特征与发达国家的特征不同。但是,不幸的是,对影响发展中国家基础设施弹性的各种因素和现象的理解相当有限。为了解决这一知识鸿沟,本研究通过使用系统方法研究了2015年尼泊尔地震中加德满都谷地的水基础设施。使用系统复原力框架分析了从不同来源收集的数据,从机构访谈到灾后评估报告,使用功能强大的软件进行了定性信息分析。然后总结分析结果,以捕获影响水系统弹性的各种因素及其相互作用。分析强调了各种现象,例如稀缺性疏忽,人与基础设施的耦合,新依赖性的出现以及在长期压力下的适应能力的发展,这些现象导致了加德满都谷地水系统的复原力表现。结果强调了在长期压力源下更好地了解人与基础设施耦合,适应能力和系统转换对基础设施系统的弹性分析的重要性。通过确定可以增强基础设施系统弹性的策略,这些发现对发展中国家和发达国家的决策者也具有重要意义。 (C)2017年美国土木工程师学会。

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